STATEMENT ON THE RETURN OF KHOI AND SAN ANCESTRAL HUMAN REMAINS AND THE REPATRIATION OF THOSE WHO DIED IN EXILE.pdf
The Department of Sport, Arts and Culture (DSAC), in close partnership with the
Department of Justice and Constitutional Development (DoJ&CD), the Department of
Defence and Military Veterans (DMV) is proud to announce two pivotal initiatives: the
Exile Repatriation Project and the Reburial of Khoi and San Ancestral Human
Remains.
Building on these efforts, the post-1994 democratic government has made it a priority
to restore dignity to those who were dehumanised by colonial and apartheid-era
practices, particularly the unethical removal and exploitation of ancestral remains.
While important strides have been made in addressing this painful history, significant
work remains. In 2021, Cabinet approved a National Policy for the Repatriation and
Restitution of Human Remains and Heritage Objects, which created a structured
framework for coordinated, country-to-country repatriation and set the foundation for
a more inclusive and state-led redress process.
The policy was designed to replace the unsustainable model of ad hoc repatriations
led by individual families or municipalities. Instead, it provides a cost-effective and
inclusive path forward that seeks not only to return remains with dignity but also to
facilitate national healing and remembrance. Guided by the Preamble of our
Constitution and the recommendations of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission
on symbolic reparations, the policy aims to honour those who suffered for justice and
freedom, heal the divisions of the past, and contribute to the broader goals of social
cohesion and nation building.
These projects represent more than logistical undertakings. They are deeply spiritual
and symbolic acts of rehumanisation, remembrance, and reconciliation. They reaffirm
our government’s firm commitment to dignity, cultural restoration, and the healing of
historical wounds.
1. Reburial of Khoi and San Ancestral Human Remains
For far too long, the remains of South Africa’s First Peoples, including the Khoi, San,
and other indigenous groups, were taken without consent, commodified, and used to
support racist ideologies. These ancestors were collected through grave robbing and
illicit trade and were treated not as human beings but as specimens for exploitation.
Their remains were kept in institutions across the country and abroad under colonial
and apartheid rule for decades. This marks the beginning of our efforts to correct these injustices
Through our implementing partners, namely Iziko Museums of South Africa and the
South African Heritage Resources Agency’s Repatriation and Restitution Office, we
will lead the reburial of 58 ancestral remains that originate from the Northern Cape.
This process is being carried out in full consultation with affected communities. It is
guided by the Northern Cape Reburial Task Team, which represents the Nama,
Griqua, Korana, and San communities.
This reburial is more than a physical act of returning remains to the soil. It is the
restoration of dignity. It is the fulfilment of long-standing cultural and spiritual
responsibilities. It is a moment of healing for communities that have suffered centuries
of erasure and displacement.
In addition, we are engaged in active discussions with the Hunterian Museum at the
University of Glasgow regarding the return of more Khoi and San ancestral remains.
We call on other institutions, both local and international, to commit to genuine and
action-oriented processes of restitution and repatriation.
2.The Exile Repatriation Project
The second initiative, the Exile Repatriation Project, serves as a powerful reminder of
the high cost paid by those who fought for our freedom. Thousands of South Africans
went into exile during the liberation struggle. Many never returned. They passed away
on foreign soil, often unidentified and buried in unmarked or forgotten graves. Families
were left with unanswered questions and without the opportunity to properly mourn
their loved ones.
This national initiative, carried out in collaboration with the Department of Justice and
Constitutional Development, the Department of Defence and Military Veterans and the
South African Heritage Resources Agency, seeks to locate, identify, and repatriate
these fallen freedom fighters. It is a solemn responsibility of our democratic state to
honour these individuals and ensure that they are returned to their families and
communities with the dignity they deserve.
A joint delegation will soon embark on a technical mission to Angola, Lesotho, Zambia,
and Zimbabwe. This mission will include cemetery record inspections, grave mapping,
and historical research aimed at locating the final resting places of our compatriots
who died in exile.
We urge all former exiles, comrades, family members, and friends to come forward
with any information that could assist this important process. This includes names,
dates, photographs, locations, or any other relevant details. An online form is
available for public submissions at: www.sahra.org.za/exile-repatriation /
https://www.dsac.gov.za/exile-repatriation / https://www.nhc.org.za/liberationheritage / https://www.freedompark.co.za/exile-repatriation
Minister Gayton McKenzie together with Deputy Minister Peace Mabe, in collaboration
with the Department of Defence and Military Veterans and the Department of Justice
and Constitutional Development, hosted a press briefing on Monday, 9 June 2025, at
10:00 at the Government Communication and Information System (GCIS) offices in
Hatfield, Pretoria. The briefing provided an update on two significant national initiatives
focused on remembrance, restorative justice, and the dignified return of South African
ancestors and liberation heroes
For media enquiries:
Ms. Stacey-Lee Khojane, Spokesperson: Office of the Minister of Sport, Arts and
Culture │Email: StaceyK@dsac.gov.za │ Cell: +27 77 608 7579
Ms Zimasa Velaphi, Head of Communication and Marketing: Department of Sport, Arts
and Culture │Email: ZimasaV@dsac.gov.za │ Cell: +27 72 172 8925
